|
| |
これ |
this one |
| それ |
that one [near you] |
| あれ |
that one [over there] |
| どれ |
which one? |
|
| |
それ |
that one (near you) |
| ハンバーガー |
hamburger |
| けしゴム |
eraser |
| よ |
[assertion marker; よ marks the speaker is giving new information.] |
| え？ |
Oh? |
|
| |
で |
by means of, in, with [で marks means or instruments] |
| （っ）て |
[casual quotation marker] |
| と |
[formal quotation marker] |
| いいます |
to say [Xって いいます "(We) call it X"] |
| おもしろい |
[い-Adj] interesting |
| ねえ |
[sentence particle to seek or express agreement] |
| こたつ |
table equipped with a heater |
|
| |
だれ |
who [だれの: whose] |
| へや |
room |
| とても |
very [modifies adjectives only;
must be followed by an affirmative expression: とても きれい: very pretty/clean]] |
| きれい |
pretty, beautiful, clean [な-adjective] |
| な |
[prenominal connector for な-adjective] |
| ねえ／ね |
[sentence particle to express or seek agreement/confirmation] |
| いえ、いえ |
No, no. ("Not at all") is a typical Japanese denial response to a compliment.
(English speakers may say "Thank you" here.) |
| あまり |
(not) very [must be followed by a negative expression:
あまり きれいじゃありません: not very pretty/clean] |
|
| |
ゆきこ |
Yukiko [women's first name] |
| ね？ |
[Sentence particle ね with a rising intonation
seeks agreement from the listener.] |
| あたらしい |
new |
| あたらしくない |
not new |
| マリ |
Mari [women's first name] |
| どんな |
what kind of? |
| わあ |
Wow! |
| ちいさい |
small |
|
| |
きょうかしょ |
textbook |
コンピューター
or コンピュータ |
computer |
| かみ |
paper |
| じしょ |
dictionary |
| つくえ |
desk |
| ほん |
book |
| けしゴム |
eraser |
| ボールペン |
ball-point pen |
| ペン |
pen |
| シャーペン |
mechanical pencil |
| えんぴつ |
pencil |
| ノート |
notebook |
| テーブル |
table |
| かばん |
bag |
| バッグ |
bag, purse |
| いす |
chair |
| でんき |
light |
| ホワイトボード |
whiteboard |
| ドア |
door |
| きょうしつ |
classroom |
| [スクリーン] |
screen |
|
| |
おおきい |
large [おおきい テレビ: large TV set] |
ちいさい |
small [ちいさい うち: small home] |
| やさしい |
easy [やさしい ほん: easy book] |
むずかしい |
difficult [むずかしい ほん: difficult book] |
| おもしろい |
interesting [おもしろい ほん: interesting book] |
つまらない |
boring [つまらない えいが: boring movie] |
| あたらしい |
new [あたらしい つくえ: new desk] |
ふるい |
old [ふるい しゃしん: old photograph] |
| やさしい |
kind, gentle [やさしい ひと: gentle person] |
きびしい |
strict [きびしい せんせい: strict teacher] |
| たかい |
expensive [たかい ステレオ: expensive stereo] |
やすい
|
cheap [やすい くるま: cheap car] |
| たかい |
tall [たかい たてもの: tall building] |
[ひくい] |
low [ひくい テーブル: low table] |
| ひろい |
spacious [ひろい へや: spacious room] |
[せまい] |
cramped, narrow [せまい へや: cramped room] |
| ながい |
long [ながいバス: long bus] |
[みじかい] |
short [みじかい えいが: short movie] |
| あかるい |
bright [あかるい へや: bright room] |
[くらい]
|
dark [くらい へや: dark room] |
| あかるい |
cheerful [あかるい ひと: cheerful person] |
[くらい]
|
gloomy [くらい ひと: gloomy person] |
| おいしい |
tasty [おいしい ケーキ: tasty cake] |
[まずい] |
bad tasting [まずい ケーキ: bad tasting cake] |
| いい |
good [いい ペン: good pen;
よくない: not good] |
|
|
| いそがしい |
busy [いそがしい しごと: busy job] |
|
|
| かわいい |
cute |
|
|
| [かっこいい] |
cool, stylish, nice-looking |
|
|
|
| |
うち or いえ |
home, house |
| りょう |
dormitory |
| アパート |
apartment |
|
| |
きれい |
pretty, beautiful [きれいな ひと "beautiful person"]; clean [きれいな みず "clean water"] |
| りっぱ |
fine, splendid
[りっぱな いえ: fine house] |
| すてき |
nice [すてきな とけい: nice clock/watch] |
| ゆうめい |
famous [ゆうめいな だいがく: famous university] |
| しずか |
quiet [しずかな へや: quiet room] |
[にぎやか] |
cheerfully noisy
[にぎやかな パーティー: cheerful party] |
| べんり |
convenient
[べんりな でんわ: convenient telephone] |
[ふべん] |
inconvenient
[ふべんな アパート:
inconvenient apartment] |
| [だめ] |
no good [だめな ひと: no good person ←→ いい ひと: good person] |
| [ひま] |
not busy, idle [ひまな ひと: not busy person ←→ いそがしい ひと: busy person] |
| [らく] |
comfortable [らくな いす: comfortable chair] |
| [げんき] |
healthy, energetic
[げんきな ひと: healthy person] |
|
| |
とけい |
clock; watch |
| でんきスタンド |
desk lamp (Also, just スタンド) |
| ほんだな |
bookshelves |
| ステレオ |
stereo |
| しゃしん |
photograph |
| テレビ |
TV set |
| いぬ |
dog |
| まど |
window |
| え |
[drawn] picture |
| ねこ |
cat |
| ソファー |
sofa |
| コーヒー |
coffee |
| でんわ |
telephone [けいたい（でんわ）: cell phone] |
| ベッド |
bed |
| [ごみばこ] |
waste basket, trash can |
| [おしいれ] |
closet |
| [ふとん] |
futon |
| [たんす] |
chest of drawers |
| [とだな] |
cabinet |
|
| |
どれ |
which one? [among three or more] |
| だれ |
who? [だれの: whose] |
| どんな |
what kind of? |
|
| |
で |
by means of, in, with, by using |
| よ |
[Sentence particle for assertion] |
| ねえ or ね |
[Sentence particle to seek agreement/confirmation] |
|
| |
これ は にほんご で なんて いいますか。 |
What do you call this in Japanese? |
| 「じしょ」と（or って） いいます。 |
We call it "jisho." |
| なんですか。 |
What is it? |
Xですよ。 |
Asserting |
Xですよ。 |
Softly asserting |
| そうですか。 |
Accepting: "I see." |
| そうですか。 |
Expressing disagreement: "Really?" |
| Xですねえ。 |
Expressing agreement. |
| そうですねえ。 |
Expressing agreement. |
| Xですね？ |
Seeking agreement. |
| とても |
very [modifies adjectives only] |
| あまり |
(not) so, (not) very, (not) so often, (not) so much
[negative expression follows] |
|
| |
-
- Adj + です。
- Adj + じゃありません じゃないです。
-
- Adj + です。
- Adj + くありません くないです。
|