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この X |
this X |
| その X |
that X (near you) |
| あの X |
that X (far away) |
| どの X |
which X? |
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ここ |
this place |
| そこ |
that place (near you) |
| あそこ |
that place (far away) |
| どこ |
which place? |
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こちら, [こっち] |
this way; this side; near side (of X) |
| そちら, [そっち] |
that way (toward you); that side (toward you); far side (of X toward you) |
| あちら, [あっち] |
that way (away from us); that side (away from us); far side (of X away from us) |
| どちら, [どっち] |
which way? which side? (Also, どちら is the polite form of どこ) |
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くるま |
car |
| その |
that |
| あれ？ |
Oh? |
| きょねん |
last year |
| きょねんの |
last year's [model] |
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きたない |
[い-Adj] dirty ←→ きれい: [な-adj clean |
| うるさい |
[い-Adj] noisy ←→ しずか: [な-adj] quiet |
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マイク |
Mike [first name] |
| どの |
which |
| 人（ひと） |
person |
| いちばん |
number one [Creates a superlative ("the most...") if used in front of an adjective: いちばん せが たかい: the tallest] |
| せが たかい |
tall (usu. for people) [←→ せが ひくい: short (usu. for people)] |
| しろい |
white |
| Tシャツ |
T-shirt |
| 山田(やまだ)せんせい |
Prof. Yamada |
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あのう |
umm..., well... |
| じゃ |
well then [= じゃあ] |
| がくせいかいかん |
student center |
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どこ
|
where |
| あそこ |
over there |
| しろい |
white |
| たてもの |
building |
| に |
in, at, on [location marker] |
| カフェテリア |
cafeteria |
| が |
[subject marker] |
| あります |
there is; is located |
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２（に）かい |
second floor |
| わかりました |
[past of わかります] understood |
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がくせいかいかん |
student center |
| としょかん |
library |
| キャンパス |
campus |
| ラボ |
laboratory |
| りょう |
dormitory |
| アパート |
apartment |
| カフェテリア |
cafeteria |
| けんきゅうしつ |
professor's office |
| こうがくぶ |
Engineering Department |
| けいざいがくぶ |
Economics Department |
| ほうがくぶ |
Law Department |
| [きょうようがくぶ] |
Liberal Arts Department |
| なにがくぶ |
What academic department? |
| [ビル] |
(large concrete) building |
| [じむしつ] |
administrative office; work room |
| [オフィス] |
office |
| [しょくどう] |
dining hall |
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キッチン |
kitchen |
| うえ |
above, top |
| ひろこ |
Hiroko [women's first name] |
| にわ |
yard, garden |
| います |
[animate object] is located |
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げんかん |
entrance to the house |
| トイレ,
[おてあらい] |
restroom (no bath) [In Japan, bathrooms and toilets are typically separated. バスルーム is where you bathe while トイレ is where you use the toilet facilities only.] |
| おふろ |
bathroom (to bathe) |
けいたいでんわ
or けいたい |
cell phone |
| キッチン, [だいどころ] |
kitchen |
| げんかん |
entrance area to a house |
| [ろうか] |
hallway |
| [テキスト] |
textbook |
| すんでいます |
live [とうきょうに すんでいます "live in Tokyo"] |
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きんじょ |
neighborhood |
| ぎんこう |
bank |
| コンビニ |
convenience store |
| [こうばん] |
police box; police station |
| むこう |
over there, beyond, the other side |
| あちら |
that way |
| ほう |
way, direction |
| そちら |
that way (toward you) |
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そと |
outside |
| なか |
inside |
| みぎ |
right (side) |
| ひだり |
left (side) |
| まえ |
front (side) |
| うしろ |
back (side) |
| うえ |
above; top; upper side |
| した |
below; bottom; lower side |
| よこ |
the side (of X) |
| となり |
next door; neighbor |
| ちかく, そば |
nearby place, vicinity |
| むこう |
far side (of X) |
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えき
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station |
| スタジアム |
stadium |
| びょういん |
hospital |
| ぎんこう |
bank |
| こうえん |
park |
| デパート |
department store |
| コンビニ |
convenience store |
| バス |
bus |
| ほんや |
bookstore |
| ホテル |
hotel |
| スーパー |
supermarket |
| ゆうびんきょく |
post office |
| マクドナルド |
McDonald's; McDonald [family name] |
| [みち] |
road, street, direction |
| [こうばん] |
police box; police station |
| [バスてい] |
bus stop |
| [みせ] |
store, shop |
| [きゅうきゅうしゃ] |
ambulance car |
| [ひこうせん] |
blimp |
| [かいしゃ] |
company |
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どの X |
which X? |
| どこ |
where?; which place? |
| どちら, [どっち] |
which way? which side? (Also, どちら is the polite form of どこ) |
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に |
in, at, on [Ｘに あります／います: is located in X] |
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あれ？ |
Oh? |
| あのう |
umm..., well... |
| わかりました |
I see. [Past tense of わかります: understand] |
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います |
[animate object] is located |
| あります |
[inanimate object] is located |
| すんでいます |
lives |
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- に Ｘが あります／Ｘは に あります
- に Ｘが います／Ｘは に います
- ありますか／いますか → ええ、あります／います or いいえ、ありません／いません
- ありませんか／いませんか → ええ、ありません／いません いいえ、あります／います
- Ｙのどこ／どこのＹ ( へやのどこ／どこのへや)
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