| |
すぎる verb ("pass/exceed") can also be attached
to a verb stem (Verb stem + すぎる) and express
"do something too often/too much/excessively." The negative
form of this construction requires さ before すぎる ("do something
too little/too infrequently").
Affirmative |
Negative |
Verb
stem |
すぎる |
|
Verb + な |
さすぎる |
|
| 行き／来 |
すぎる |
go/come too often |
行かな／来な |
さすぎる |
go/come too infrequently |
| し／やり |
do (it) too much |
しな |
do (it) too little |
| 使い |
use (it) too much |
使わな |
use (it) too little |
| 見 |
watch (it) too much |
見な |
watch (it) too little |
| 食べ |
eat too much |
食べな |
eat too little |
| 飲み |
drink too much |
飲まな |
drink too little |
The 食べすぎ in the dialogue (食べすぎなんじゃない？ "That's overeating,
isn't it?") is a noun form of 食べすぎる. This usage is fairly common.
| A: |
ワインを飲んだら、頭がいたくなってきたよ。 |
After I drank wine, I began to have a headache. |
| B: |
それはワインの飲みすぎだよ。 |
That is overdrinking of wine. |
| |
|
|
| ● |
たばこのすいすぎにはちゅういしましょう。 |
Be careful with oversmoking. |
|
| |
Earlier, we learned to use the Vて form to create request forms
(e.g., 食べて下さい "[Please] eat"). To create a negative request
form, we use the plain negative verb (Vない) + で
form.
て-form |
(下さい) |
|
Plain Negative Verb |
で |
(下さい) |
|
| 行って／来て |
（下さい） |
Please go/come. |
|
で |
(下さい) |
Don't go/come. |
| して／やって |
Please do it. |
しない／やらない |
Don't do it. |
| 使って |
Please use it. |
使わない |
Don't use it. |
| 見て |
Please look at it. |
見ない |
Don't look at it. |
| 食べて |
Please eat. |
食べない |
Don't eat. |
| 飲んで |
Please drink. |
飲まない |
Don't drink. |
Don't confuse this negative request form and the negative て-form
of the verb Vて → Vなくて. Study the following differences.
 |
コンピュータを使わないで下さい。 |
Please don't use computers. |
| |
コンピュータを使わなくてもいいですよ。 |
You don't have to use computers. |
 |
コンピュータを使わなくて下さい。 |
[ungrammatical] |
| |
コンピュータを使わないでもいいですよ。 |
[ungrammatical] |
|
V-stemすぎる